1 Mr. Pan had taught me much, letting me know about words and sentences to make sure that I could make sentences grammatically and logically right, understand what I read, and do well in exams.

  模仿上句英文，完成汉译英：

  我的父母为我做了很多，让我感到他们深深的爱，以确保我得到知识，懂得人生，并且成为一个有能力的人。

2 Classes had begun earlier than before after I arrived at my school.

  倒装处理：Earlier than before had classes begun after I arrived at my school.

3 how, very明显的副词作用：

  How happy I was when I saw her!

  （I was how happy when I saw her.）

  I was very happy when I saw her.

4 Not until the teacher explained it again did we make sense about the long sentence.

  倒装句还原：

 We did not make sense about the long sentence until the teacher explained it again. 

5 那些借钱不还的人认为：他们平穷，需要帮助，并不希望债主催促他们。

Those, who borrow money but don’t give back, think they are poor, need help and hope that lenders won’t urge them.